Detailed Study Of Thyroid Problems In Humans
The thyroid hormones T3 and T4 are released by it. The thyroid gland is responsible for the proper functioning of most of the physiological processes of the body.
The over or under production of thyroid hormones causes many diseases. The normal metabolic processes of the body gets hampered by the irregular production of T3 and T4 hormones. Goitre, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism etc are some of its more common problems.
A decrease in the hormonal production causes hypothyroidism. Some of the common causes of this are deficiency of iodine, hashimoto's thyroiditis or in some cases, even genetic causes may present.The common symptoms of hypothyroidism is weight gain, memory loss, fatigue, hair loss, coarse hair etc. Blood test is done to detect the hormonal level in the blood and then the disease is identified.. Medicines can help to control the disorder.Also the person with hypothyroidism must take diet rich in natural food, fruits, vegetables, fibers, whole grains, sea food etc.
Overproduction of thyroid hormones cause a thyroid problem called hyperthyroidism. The causes of this may be Grave's disease which is an auto-immune disease, toxic thyroid adenoma, toxic multi nodular nodules and thyroiditis. The usual indicators of hyperthyroidism are hair loss, weight loss, increased heart rates, irregular sleeping patterns and intolerance to heat. The diagnosis of this is done through blood test or by scintigraphy or ultrasound or radio scan etc. The treatment include surgery, beta-blockers, radio-iodine etc. A very precise diet should be followed by people who suffer from this condition. Their food intake should comprise of substantial amounts of cereals, eggs, fruits, vegetables and foods which are rich in proteins, minerals and vitamins. Alcohol, chocolates, caffeine, sugar and diary products should be shunned.
An enlarged thyroid gland causes goiter. You do not feel any ache in this condition. This is not always due to a reason. The enlargement may have pressure effect on the larynx and pharynx of the individual. Shortness of breath may be caused.Also the patient may suffer from cough, swallowing problems. There may be presence of abnormal sounds on auscultation.These are referred to as wheezing. Sometimes, there might be mood swings, decreased concentration and depression. Physical symptoms like constipation may also be seen. This can be treated with radioactive iodine therapy, medication or surgery.
Thyroid Nodules is the abnormal growth of thyroid gland leading to formation of lumps. These are often a case of concern as sometimes, such lumps and nodules can be cancerous also. There are various kinds of thyroid nodules. These are Follicular adenoma, Inflammatory nodules, Hyper-functioning thyroid nodules, colloidal nodules, thyroid cysts and Thyroid cancer. Some of the common causes of these are iodine deficiency, Hashimoto's disease, genetic abnormalities, radiation therapy. The treatment of this involves hormone suppression therapy, radioactive iodine, surgery etc.
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